What does physics study?

We can say that physics is a natural science that study the behavior of bodies in the universe, so it studies the behavior of the universe. This is one of the oldest academic disciplines, as its existence dates back to the advent of astronomy.

Etymologically, the physical word comes from the Greek term "physos" (nature) and refers to the study of nature. Thus, for about two thousand years, physics was studied as part of natural philosophy, which covered both chemistry and biology, and certain areas of mathematics.

In the seventeenth century, thanks to the scientific revolution, physics was first seen as an independent branch of science that was interdisciplinary with other fields of research, such as biophysics and quantum chemistry. This is possible because the boundaries of physics are not strictly delimited.

Physics studies a wide range of topics that allow him to contribute to technical advances that begin with a simple theoretical explanation of the phenomena of matter.

For example, physics studies electromagnetism and nuclear phenomena, which has led to the development of new products that have changed the market and modern culture, such as television, computers and nuclear weapons.

What does physics study? Fundamental areas of knowledge

Classical physics

This branch of physics is responsible for studying the laws of motion and gravity raised by Isaac Newton and the theory of kinetics and thermodynamics proposed by James Clerk Maxwell.

Classical physics focuses mainly on matter and energy, considering them as independent entities. Acoustics, optics, classical mechanics and electromagnetism are the fundamental branches from which classical physics feeds.

 Similarly, all modern physical theories are contained and approved by this scientific category (Aristotle, 1996).

Modern physics

Modern physics is a branch of physics that is primarily responsible for studying the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.

Albert Einstein and Max Planck were pioneers of modern physics, being the first scientists to introduce the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics into the scientific world (Mohindroo, 2003).

Within the ideas proposed by modern physics, energy and matter are not considered independent entities, but different forms of one concept.

Nuclear physics

Nuclear physics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the constituent elements, structure, behavior, and interaction of the atomic nucleus. Some encyclopedias define this branch of physics as the one responsible for studying all the elements associated with the nucleus of an atom.

In the modern era, nuclear physics has had a great boom. Even today, this branch of physics makes it possible to generate nuclear energy, nuclear weapons and some drugs.

Atomics

Atomic physics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the composition of an atom regardless of its nucleus. Thus, he worries about the behavior of electrons orbiting the nucleus (Physics, 1971).

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Geophysics

Geophysics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the behavior of the Earth. Its main attention is paid to the study of the shape of the globe, its structure and composition.

Therefore, he is responsible for studying gravitational forces, magnetic fields, magma and volcanic eruptions, among others.

Biophysics

Biophysics is an interdisciplinary study of biological phenomena and problems, using the principles, techniques and tools of physics.

That is why biophysics is responsible for studying the biological problems and molecular structure that come from all living organisms.

One of the main achievements of biophysics was to determine the structure and composition of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).

Mechanics

Mechanics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the motion of matter when it is exposed to various forces. This field is divided into two specific fields: classical mechanics and quantum mechanics.

Classical mechanics is responsible for studying the laws of physical motion of objects and forces that cause these movements.

Although quantum mechanics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the behavior of small particles such as electrons, neutrons and protons of the atom.

Quantum mechanics is responsible for studying this behavior of atomic particles when it does not correspond to the classical laws of Newtonian mechanics.

Acoustics

The word acoustic comes from the Greek word "akouen", which means "to hear". Thus, acoustics can be defined as a branch of physics that is responsible for studying the way in which sound is produced, transmitted, received and controlled.

Similarly, this field is responsible for studying the effects of sound in various media (gas, liquid and solid).

Optics

Optics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying all phenomena related to the propagation, behavior and properties of light.

Light is a component of the electromagnetic spectrum that propagates from X-rays to microwaves and includes radiant energy, which makes possible the existence of a sense of sight (Howard, 2015).

Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that is responsible for studying temperature in relation to energy.

Thus, thermodynamics studies the effects of operation, temperature, and energy in a system, mainly on large-scale observations.

Astrophysics

The word "astrophysics" comes from a combination of the words "astro", which means "star" and "physos", which means nature.

Thus, astrophysics can be defined as a branch of physics that is responsible for studying stars, galaxies, planets, and all components of the universe using the laws of physics (Rafiq, 2017).