What does IT study?

The IT Study is a modern science that studies methods, processes and techniques for processing, transmitting or storing data digitally. With the great advancement of technology since the second half of the twentieth century, this discipline has become increasingly important in production, while increasing its specificity.

The development of computers, closed circuits, robots, technology, mobile phones and the emergence of the Internet, make computer science one of the most rapid sciences in recent decades.

The etymology of the word "computer" has several possible origins. Basically, it appeared as an abbreviation for word information and automation (automatic information).

Among its wide field of application, this science is devoted to the study of automatic information processing using electronic devices and computer systems that can be used for various purposes.

What does IT study? Programs

The scope of computer science has expanded its range with technological developments in the last half century, mainly the momentum of computers and the Internet.

Among its main tasks - design, development, closed planning, document preparation, monitoring and process management.

He is also responsible for the creation of industrial robots, as well as tasks related to the vast field of telecommunications and the production of games, applications and tools for mobile devices.

Formation of information technologies

Computer science is a science in which knowledge and knowledge from different disciplines converge, starting with mathematics and physics, as well as computer engineering, programming and design, among others.

This synergetic union between different fields of knowledge is complemented in computer science by the concepts of hardware, software, telecommunications, Internet and electronics.

History

The history of computer science began long before the discipline was named after him. Accompanies humanity almost from its origins, but is not recognized by science.

Since the creation of the Chinese abacus, registered in 3000 BC. And considered the first computing device of mankind, we can talk about computer science.

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This table is divided into columns, which allowed the movements of their units to perform such mathematical operations as addition and subtraction. This may be the starting point of this science.

But the evolution of computer science has only begun with accounts. In the seventeenth century, Blaise Pascal, one of the most famous French scientists of his time, created the computer and contributed to the further evolutionary step.

This device served only for addition and subtraction, but was the basis for the German Leibniz, almost 100 years later, in the eighteenth century, developed a similar device, but with multiplication and division.

These three works were the first computer processes to be registered. We had to wait almost 200 years for this discipline to become relevant and a science.

In the first decades of the twentieth century, the development of electronics was the final impetus for modern computing. From here, this branch of science begins to solve technical problems arising from new technologies.

At this time there was a transition from systems based on gears and rods, to new processes of electrical pulses, cataloged 1 when the current passes and 0 when there is none, which revolutionizes this discipline.

The last step was taken during World War II with the creation of the first computer, the Mark I, which opened a new field of development that is still expanding.

Basic concepts of computer science

Computer science, understood as the processing of information automatically through electronic devices and computer systems, must have certain opportunities for development.

Three main operations are fundamental: introduction, which relates to the collection of information; processing of the same information and the conclusion that there is a possibility of transfer of results.

The combination of these capabilities of electronic devices and computer systems is known as an algorithm, which is an ordered set of systematic operations to perform the calculation and find a solution.

Through these processes, the computer has developed various types of devices that have begun to facilitate the tasks of mankind in all activities.

Although its scope is not strictly limited, it is mainly used in industrial processes, business management, information storage, process management, communications, transportation, medicine and education.

Generation

In the field of computer science and computer technology we can talk about five generations of processors that have marked the recent history from its appearance in 1940 to the present.

The first generation

The first generation developed between 1940 and 1952, when computers were built and valves operated. Its evolution and usefulness took place mainly in the scientific and military environment.

These devices had mechanical circuits, the values ‹‹of which were modified for programming in accordance with the required purposes.

The second generation

The second generation was developed between 1952 and 1964. With the advent of transistors that replaced the old valves. This is how commercial devices that used pre-programming appeared.

Another important fact of this stage is the emergence of the first codes and programming languages, Cobol and Fortran. New ones followed later.

The third generation

The third generation had a slightly shorter period of development than its predecessors, it was expanded between 1964 and 1971, when integrated circuits appeared.

Reducing the cost of manufacturing devices, increasing storage capacity and reducing physical size marked this stage.

In addition, due to the development of programming languages, which have acquired specificity and propensity, the first utilitarian programs began to flourish.

The fourth generation

The fourth generation was produced from 1971 and lasted for ten years, until 1981, with electronic components as the main protagonists of evolution.

At the same time, the first microprocessors began to appear in the computer world, which included all the basic elements of old computers in a single integrated circuit \ t.

Fifth generation

Finally, the fifth generation began in 1981 and extends to the present time, when technology is invading all aspects of modern society.

The main development of this evolutionary phase of computer science was personal computers (PCs), which soon took over a huge group of related technologies that control the world today.