7 components of the information system

The components of an information system are those that allow you to enter, process, output, and store data that is of general interest

7 components of the information system
7 components of the information system

The components of an information system are those that allow you to enter, process, output, and store data that is of general interest or to a specific audience.

An information system consists of a set of elements that work together to achieve a common goal (meeting the need for information) and aimed at the use and administration of information.

Therefore, they are responsible for the collection, processing, storage and dissemination of data (information). Information systems consist of hardware, software, data, people and communication networks. Currently, many companies, organizations and / or institutions have decided to introduce the use of information systems because they facilitate its work.

The main elements of the information system

To create an information system, it is necessary to make all its components working one hundred percent to provide complete and accurate information to meet the needs of users.

Hardware

The hardware is a component of the information system, which is a technology of data entry, storage and output. That is, they are all physical devices used to process information. Hardware in turn consists of a central processing unit (CPU) and main memory.

The main memory is where the data and programs that will be processed by the processor are stored. It consists of RAM and ROM.

The ROM contains all programs and data that have not been executed and RAM programs have already been executed.

Software

The software consists of a set of programs that make up the operating system and all programs related to data storage and processing. Accordingly, it is said to be divided into system software and application software.

Peripherals

Peripherals are those items that can be connected to a CPU or connected wirelessly. They are divided by function into storage devices, input devices and output devices.

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Storage devices

Storage devices are used to store information. They allow you to create a backup and therefore, if necessary, you can delete it without worrying about PC information. Storage devices also make it easy to transfer information without having to carry a computer. Among them are removable storage devices.

Input devices

Input devices are those that are used both for data entry and for the computer to perform its functions.

Among the input devices are a mouse (mouse), keyboard, scanner, among others.

Output devices

Output devices are those that are used to project information outside. Among them - a printer, video beam, monitor, among others.

Data

Data is formed by recording all the facts of interest to the user to whom the information system is directed. Data creates what is called "information" because it is simply a representation of a set of data that is properly processed.

Communication networks

Communication networks allow you to combine teams (ie computers), as well as share information between them. This component works through the coordinated work of three components of the information system, which consist of: hardware, software and human resources.

Processes

Processes are a set of steps or tasks that are performed to achieve goals. They are determined in writing or through video. Examples are user manuals.

People

They interact with the information system on a daily basis. On the one hand, there are operators or specialists in this type of system, and on the other - users. People are a fundamental component of information systems. Thanks to them, all components work together.

It also provides feedback, a fundamental aspect, to be able to make the necessary improvements and adapt it to the needs of the public.

The impact of software, data and people on information systems

Earlier it was said that information systems seek to meet the need for information that users have.

This makes them different depending on the target audience. Therefore, it is necessary that the software and data meet the needs of the user.

In this sense, information systems can be classified according to the function they perform in operational support systems and administrative support systems.

Each of these systems downloads and processes a certain type of data that affects the company's performance.

Each of them is described below.

Operations support system

The main function of this system is to facilitate the activities of the organization or institution, as it supports database updates, facilitates commercial operations and internal and external communications of the company ..

Management support system

This type of system provides information that can influence the decisions of managers or administrators of the company.

In this type of system, the data changes according to the needs of each company.